No Òreferential transparencyÓ
lIn
a functional
language
f(X) * f(X)
is same value as
Y = f(X), Y*Y
lIn
an imperative
language, we
cannot make this claim; f(X) may have Òside-effectsÓ apart from the production of a value. (In
some cases, it could even modify X.
an example of
Òreferential transparencyÓ